Le Cercle rouge (1970)
Also known as "The Red Circle"
Starring: Alain Delon, Gian-Maria Volonté, Yves Montand, André Bourvil, François Périer, Paul Amiot, Paul Craucet, André Ekyan, Pierre Collet, Jean-Pierre Posier
Director: Jean-Pierre Melville
Running Time: 136 minutes
US MPAA rating: N/AUK BBFC rating: PG
Crime, Thriller
On DVD The French auteur Jean-Pierre Melville (1917-73) specialised in 'policiers', or crime films, tapping into a dark vein of pessimism which has always lain buried deep within classic American film noir, and refining it into an existentialist vision of the world and man's place in it. Perhaps best known for 'Bob le Flambeur' (1956; recently remade as 'The Good Thief') and the sublime 'Le Samouraï' (1967), Melville redefined cinematic cool with laconic, solitary characters and a spare narrative style, and his influence can be seen in many of today's 'cool-seeking' filmmakers, from Jim Jarmusch to Quentin Tarantino, from John Woo to Takeshi Kitano. 'Le Cercle Rouge', Melville's penultimate film and one of his finest, is made in such a disarmingly plain style, with subdued grey colours and an often near silent soundtrack, that one barely notices its supremely controlled artistry.
Corey (Alain Delon), just released from prison, is heading for Paris with insider information on a jewellery store in his head and angry gangsters on his tail; Vogel (Gian-Maria Volonté) is a criminal suspect who has escaped his police escort and is on the run; Mattei (André Bourvil) is the police inspector determined to recapture Vogel at any cost; and Jansen (Yves Montand) is an ex-police sharpshooter looking for redemption from his self-imposed alcoholic hell. These four men sleepwalk their way through a series of familiar routines from film noir - the manhunt, gunfights, shakedowns of informers, meetings in nightclubs, the elaborate heist, the betrayal - but a quote from Rana Krishna which opens the film introduces a fatalistic dimension and gives these characters' lives and actions a tragic trajectory, for we know from the start that their different paths are ineluctably destined to converge.
Even if the characters of 'Le Cercle Rouge' are doomed to eventual failure, and their efforts are ultimately futile, the methodical panache with which they execute their plans, documented in minute detail by the film, elevates them to the status of existential heroes. Melville's nihilistic world blurs the lines between the law and criminality, and in this absence of any clear morality, all that remains to give definition to the characters is their driven professionalism - reflecting, of course, the qualities of the film itself, which is as meticulously and painstakingly staged as the daring jewellery store robbery at its core.
'Le Cercle Rouge' is a model of filmic economy, with long takes, sparse dialogue, and a notable lack of exposition. We get to know the characters not, as in Hollywood films, by learning their histories (which are left mysterious), but by seeing them in action. Delon, Volonté and Montand all deliver the sort of elegant restraint which is requisite in a Melville film, while Bourvil, previously typecast as a comic actor, achieves the perfect mix of animal cunning and worldweariness. He was suffering from terminal illness throughout the production and died before the cinematic release of 'Le Cercle Rouge', adding another nuance to the film's sense of tragic doom.
DVD Extras: Animated menus; French with English subtitles; French theatrical trailer; Jean-Pierre Melville bio; well-cut thirty minute interview with assistant director Bernard Stora recalling Melville to have been an animal-loving, daylight-fearing perfectionist who worshipped all things American (especially its cinema) and who could be "very chilling"; twenty-one minute introduction by Ginette Vincendeau (author of 'Jean-Pierre Melville: a American in Paris') to Melville's life and his "cinema of great virtuosity"; Vincendeau also gives a full audio commentary, full of analytic and interpretative detail presented in academic language, as well as some curious facts (Mattei's three pet cats were actually Melville's own; a special key to the jewellery store that presents the greatest challenge to the robbers is inscribed with the director's own initials; the robbers' white gloves are in fact editor's gloves).
It's Got: Elegantly cool performances; languorously fluid mise-en-scène; a thrillingly percussive jazz soundtrack by Eric de Marsan; a twenty-five minute heist sequence conducted in tense silence ("not very chatty", as Mattei comments, effectively summarising the entire script); one of the most exquisite curls of cigarette smoke ever captured on celluloid (in the nightclub scene where Corey meets the fence/Mattei - blink and you'll miss it); and a hallucinatory delirium tremens sequence featuring the fakest looking spiders this side of Lucio Fulci's 'The Beyond'.
It Needs: A big woolly jumper (it's that cool)
Alternatives: 'Rififi', 'Le Samouraï', 'Le Doulos', 'The Asphalt Jungle', 'Sonatine', 'Cavale'
Summary: Top-notch film noir with a bleak existential edge, executed with as much clinical precision as the crime it portrays.
External Links
Le Cercle rouge at the IMDB
